Typewriting machine



Sept. 1, 1931. A. G. F. KuRowsKl TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Oct.

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Patented Sept. 1, 1931 NTED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALFRED G. F. KUROWSKI,0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIG-NOR T0 UNDERWOOD ELLIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OFNEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE TYPEWR-ITING MACHINEApplication filed October 26, 1927. Serial No. 228,774.

This invention rela-tes to means for rotating the platen of atypewriting machine, in

a single sweep, to expedite positioning of a work-sheet for certainentries. 1

L In the condensed-billing mechanism usually employed upon the Underwoodtypewriter, the work-sheets are swept around the platen by means of along handle, which is connected to drive a wheel which is fixed 1 uponthe shaftupon which the platen is also fixed.

A feature of the present invention is provision for effecting minuterotative adjustments of the platen, at will, relatively to theplaten-sweep mechanism.

To carry out my invention, the condensedbilling driver may be taken outof its usual position at the right-hand end of the platen,

and by suitable means may be directly con- 23 nected to a clutch-drum atthe left-hand end of the platen. The condensed-billing mechanismtherefore will remain entirely stationary during the rotativereadjustment of the 4 platen while the clutch is released. There- Siifore there is no disturbance of the operation of the condensed-billingmechanism arising through rotative adjustment of the platen relictivelyto the condensed-billing drive- Wheel, but the operation of thecondensed- :is billing mechanism is perfect at all readjustments of theplaten relatively'to the drive- Wheel.

Preferably the same clutch-drum is connected to both thecondensed-billing drivewheel and the line-space wheel, therebyeconomizing space, weight and cost,Y and also adapting the invention touse with parts of the standard Underwood mechanism for clutching theplaten to the line-space wheel. a The invention provides an inexpensiveand simple platen-sweep device which may be advantageously used forfilling in blank spaces on duplicates or circulars in order to obtainuniform spacing and neat looking ap- 5 pearance of the entries in thequickest possible time, said attachment including a handoperatedpawl-and-ratchet device or platensweep mechanism to be used on standardmachines in combination with a variable line- 55" spacing device orclutch. This clutch mechanism permits the platen-sweep-drive-wheel to bedisconnected from the platen-shaftso that the platen may be freelyrotated to ad- ]ust a work-sheet thereon to a certain reference-line,While the drive-wheel is stationary. Thereafter, the clutch may berendered operative to engage said drive-wheel, and the adjacentplaten-sweep may be brought to rotate the platen through a plurality oflinespaces to position the first Writing line of the entry proper, whichthen, after sweeplever and pawl are automatically disengaged, may bewritten line byline in the ordinary manner or rotated at will.

The clutch, as indicated in the drawings, includes an outer clutchmember or drum rotatably mounted upon the platen-shaft. A drive-wheel,rigidly fastened to said outer clutch-member, may be rendered effectivefor platen-sweeping Work by causing eXpansible inner clutch-members orgrips to engage the inner periphery of the drum, said grips beingmounted upon the shaft to rotate therewith. An axially-operatingthumb-piece may be in control of a tapered sleeve or cam provided uponthe shaftand effective to urge said inner clutch-members into operativeengagement withA the drum.

According to one feature of the invention, the platen-sweep-mechanism iscompactly arranged upon said outer clutch-member,

- with which it is to co-operate, so as to minimize the space occupiedupon the platenshaft, whereby the drivingwheel is placed in rigidrelation with the line-space-wheel While the associated pawl-carryingoperating lever is loosely mounted for-oscillating movey ment about theplaten-axis. The same clutch connects the line-space-wheel to theplaten, and the latter Wheel may be rigid with the drive-wheel.

Another feature provides means for independently attaching and detachingsaid operating lever.

A further feature resides in the proximity to each other of theclutch-governing fingerpiece and the platen-rotating handle,Vfacilitating their alternate operation, which is required for quickpositioning vof certain entries.

In a preferred embodimentof the invention, there are provided upon saidclutchdrum peripheral one-way ratchet-teeth to be opposed to those ofthe line-space-wheel with which they are in rigid relation. A pawlcontrolled by an oscillating lever may engage said ratchet-teeth tosweep the platen backwardly, which, aside from having operative andconstructive advantages, serves the special purpose of conveniently'filling in addresses or headings upon'duplicated or circular letters,as may be seen in the following description.

Certain features disclosed herein are broadly claimed in my pendingapplication, Serial No. 157,912, tiled December 30, 1926, but the claimsin this case are limited to features not disclosed in said applicationOther features and advantages willhereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a semi-sectional front elevation to show the combined clutchand platen-sweep mechanism applied to an Underwood machine and assembledupon the left-hand end of the platen-shaft, the right-hand end of theplaten being broken away.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary end View of Figure 1, showing theplaten-sweep-handle spring-held in ineffective position, and also meansto independently attach and detach the operating lever.

Figure 3 is an end view similar to Fi (fure 2, illustrating themanipulation of the operating lever, showing same as being held in ei:-treme operative position.

Figure 4 is a perspective view, `showing some of theparts of theplaten-sweep mechanism disassembled to illustrate the novel method ofassembling them.

In Figure 1, a type-bar 10 is shown in dot Yand dash, which strikes thefront of a revoluble platen 11, whose shaft 12 at its lefthand end isshown to be journaled in an end plate 13 of` an Underwood tpyepwriterplaten-frame and to terminate in a usual finger-wheel 14.V A hub orCollar 15 may be secured by means of a set screw 16 upon theplaten-shaft at either side adjacent to the platen-ends to locate thevsame within Athe platen-frame. `Between the end plate 13 of theplaten-frame and the iinger-wheelV '14, there is shown the novelcombination of a variable line-spacing` mechanism or clutch and aplaten-sweep mechanism, bot-h to be concentrically assembled upon theshaft. The clutch includesA an exterior drum 17, which is formed with ahub 13, to be rotatably mounted upon the platen-shaft. The hub extendsfrom said drum towards said end plate 13 and carries its end. and shownto be integral therewith, a line-space-wheel 19 which co-operates with ausual detent-roller 1 2O supported by an arm 21, which is pivoted at 22unon the end 1slate 13 and held under tension by a usual spring 23encircling said pivot 22. Inner clutch-members are to connect the drum17, i. e., the line-space-wheel 19 to the platen-shaft 12 for ordinarylinespace-worlr, which may be performed by operating a well-knownplaten-return and linespace-lever which brings a dog into engagementwith the line-space-wheel, said linespace-lever and dog, indicated inFigure 2, at 24 and 25, respectively.

Said inner clutch-members may include a hubbedr disk 26 secured upon theshaft 12, as by a pin 27, and carrying expansible gripping` members, asindicated at 28. To operate the clutch, there is provided a taperedsleeve or cam-member 29 upon the shaft. An axiallyoperating thumb-piece30, located adjacent the outer face of the finger-w ieel 14, isconnected to said cam-sleeve through rods 31 which are carried andguided in said fingerwheel. The thumb-piece, from its ineffective(dot-and-dash) position, may be pressed inwardly to cause the cam-sleeveto urge the inner clutch-members 28 into gripping engagement with theinner periphery of. the drum 17. The clutch may be held in or out ofengagement by suitable means, not shown on the vdrawings but clearlyshown in the aforesaid Helmond patent.

At 32 a spacing sleeve laterally locates the outer clutch member ordrum, at 33 a plate covers the open end of the clutch-drum, while at 34an Aapron or cover-plate encloses the line-space mechanism, and issecured at 35 to the carriage-end plate 13 in a well-known Underwoodmanner.

The platen-sweep mechanism, associated with the variable line-spacemechanism just described, includes a one-way ratchet-wheel 3G shown inthe form of a rim having teeth opposed to those of the line-space-wheel19 and being shrunk or otherwise rigidly fastened upon the drum 17, anda driving pawl 37 carried by a sweep-lever 38. The lever 38, looselymounted upon the said clutch-hub 18 for a swinging movement andoccupying part of the space left between the line-space-wheel 19 and thedrum 17, has a handle 33a and may be operated between stops providedupon the cover-plate 34 (see Figure 2). A rigid stoppin 39 at the rearmay determine the ineffective position of the lever, where it is normally held by the tension of a spring 40 fastened between the lever andan extension 40P- which is part of the cover-plate.

The movement of the operating lever is limited by a stop-screw 41 whichmay be inserted in different tapped holes 42 for the purpose ofadjustment. The driving pawl is pivotally mounted upon the sweep-leverby means of shouldered screw 43 and is to operatein a plane with theassociated ratchetwheel. The tension of a spring 44 fastened between atail-extension 45 of said pawl. and a pin 46 upon the sweep-lever tendsto pull said pawl into mesh with the ratchet-wheel. In its Figure 2position, the pawl is held out of engagement by the stop-pin 39 againstspring-tension 44, and it will be seen that, as the operating handle ispulled forward,

the pawl 37 will engage a tooth in the ratchet n 36 and a further pullof the handle will rotate the platen rearwardly or reversely to alinespace direction.

In Figure 3, the sweep-lever is held by the operators finger againstspring-tension l0 in extreme operative position, whereby the pawlbecomes locked by the stop-screw 41 to prevent the platen fromoverrunning its intended rearward position, due to vigorous throw of theoperating lever. Upon release, the operating lever and pawl willautomatically return to neutral. It should be understood that for properco-operation of the parts, the extreme position of the operating levershould coincide or time with a full engagement between the detent-rollerand the teeth of the line-space-wheel.

A novel method of detachably mounting the sweep-lever requires that thelever or cani 38, made of flat material, be formed with a cut-out 47 totitv over the clutch-hub 18. The cut-out, however, at its open end 48 isnarrowed down to the shape of a key-hole so as tol embrace more thanhalf of the hub 18. r he hub has corresponding straddle mill-cuts A19 topass the ends 48 when assembled to the hub, in the direction of arrow(Figure 4), and then axially shifted into Contact with the drum orratchet-wheel 36 to be properly seated upon said hub. A clamp 50 may beassembled to cover the mill-cuts and be locked in place around the hubby screw 51, the clamp also serving as a spacer between the 1Aever andline-space wheel 19.

It will be noted that the line-space wheel 'l 9 with its hub 18 andannular flange 17, that houses the expansibledogs 28, are similar toHelmond, aforesaid, which has become a standard Underwood product; thatto this standard part a second ratchet-wheel 33 is added to the flange17 and a straddle mill clotting cut 49 through the hub is provided for;that within these slots of the hub 18 the operating handle 38a isassembled to find a rotary bearing upon the hub and held in kposition bya spacing member 50; that the operating handle 38EL is an assembled unitincludi a spring-controlled pawl. 37 to engage the teeth of theratchet-wheel 36; and that stops are assembled upon the face of thecarriagecnd plate 34 to adjustably limit the sweep of the handle in twodirections, the restoring movement thereof being effected by the recoilof a spring.

lt will also be noted that the reconstructed part 17 3C may replace theoriginal Helmond part 1719 as a standard part to be employed with allvariable line-space assemblies, and which new part provides for afactory assembly of the platen-sweep or forthe subsequent assembly ofthe platen-sweep by unskilled hands wherever the machine may be locatedin the field; that the new part 17-19-36 includes a pair of adjoiningoneway ratchet-wheels for driving the platen in alternate directionswhen secured to the platen-shaft by the clutching mechanism; that eachratchet-wheel has an independently operating lever and each leverrotates both ratchet-wheels in unison regardless of the platen-rotatingdirection; hence the accurate timing of the two wheels annot bedisarranged by the separation of the platen'from the platen-shaft inadjusting the printed form of a circular to the typing position for thelirst typing line; and that the two ratchetwhe-els may be integral asshown but spaced apart by a hub to provide for the compact assembly ofthe handle 38a between the two wheels.

The operation of typing addresses upon the blank heading of stock formcircul r letters 52, as illustrated in Figure 1, is as follows: Thethumb-piece 30 is pulled outwardly to the dotted position of Figure 1,which releases the platen-shaft from the detented line-space wheel 19and the platen may be rotated without resistance, except from thefeed-rolls 54C. A sheet is inserted at the rear of the platen and fedunder and around the platen bythe use of the linger-wheels 14e until theprinted Dear Sim is aligned to the wing-scales 53, as shown. Thethumbpiece 30 is now restored to the full-line position of Figure 1,which reclutches the linespace wheel with the platen-shaft, and with thesame hand the adjoining handle 38'a is pulled forward, which causes thepawl 3'? to engage an adjacent tooth of the ratchet-wheel 3S to rotatethe platen in a clockwise direction and back-feed the adjusted circularuntil the forward sweep of the lever 38 is arrested by the stop l1,whereupon the lever is released by the linger to respond to the tensionof the spring 40 to rotate both the lever and pawl 37 to 'their norma-lpositions of rest against the pin 39. The name is typed and then theusual line-space mechanism provides for the forward line-spacing of thesheet for the subsequent lines of the address,when the circular isremoved.

lith this combined manipulation of two distinct platen-spacingmechanisms, one mechanism` sweeping the platen rearwardly and the othermechanism line-spacing the platen. forwardly, the sheet may be quicklyaligned to the initial printed line, and quickly reversed for thelinetyping of the address, which is properly spaced upon the blankheading by mechanical means, and parallelism between the typed lines andthe printed lines of theform is preserved, which all tends to give anappearance to the type-addressed scope of the invention, and portions ofthe .improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, l claim:

l. In a typewriting machine having a platen, a platen-shaft rotatable bya linger-wheel, a line-space wheel, and a clutch mountedL upon saidshaft for disconnecting at will linespace wheel from said shaft toindependently position a work-sheet with the linger-wheel, apawl-and-ratchet device to sweep the platen for certain entries uponsaid work-sheet, said device inclucing a ratchet-wheel which is integralwith the line-space wheel, and a pawl-carrying sweep-arm arrangedloosely upon the platen-shaft to swing between limits and reverselyrotate the reclutched platen through a plurality of line-spaces.`

2. In a typewriting machine having a platen; a platen-shaft rotatable bya linger-wheel, a. line-space wheel, and a clutch mounted upon saidshaft for disconnecting at will said line-space wheel from said shaft toindependently position a work-sheet with a fingerwheel, a device tosweep the platen for certain entries upon the positioned work-sheet,said device including a ratchet-wheel which is integral with theline-space wheel, a pawlcarrying arm arranged loosely upon theplaten-shaft to swing between limits and reversely rotate the reclutchedplaten through a plurality of line-spaces, and means toauto-v maticallyengage and disengage the pawl through the swinging of the operating arm.

3. ln a typewriting machine havingv a platen, a platen-shaftrotatable bya fingerwheel, and a line-space mechanism including a line-space wheeland dctent, the combination with a clutch mounted upon said shaft forconnecting or disconnecting at will said line-space wheel from saidshaft to primarily position a work-sheet independently of the line-spacemechanism, said clutch including an exterior drum-like member rotatableupon the shaft and carrying rigidly thereon said line-space wheel andincluding interior (Tripping members mountedv to rotate with theplaten-shaft and operable thereon to engage the drum-member forline-space worx, of a device to sweep the platen through a plurality ofline-spaces for certain entries upon said work-sheet, said deviceincluding a ratchetwheel rigidly provided upon said drum-member and`concentrically thereto, a pawl-carrying operating lever loosely mountedupon said drum-member for oscillating movement about the platen-axis andoperable 'through the pawl to said ratchet-wheel for platen-sweep withincertain limits when the clutch is operative, and means to automaticallyrestore the lever and pawl to neutral.

e. ln a typewriting ma hine having a platen, a platen-shaft rotatable bya linger-wheel, and a line-space-wheel, a combinedclutch andplaten-sweep mechanism, said clutch operable for connecting ordisconnecting, at will, said line-space-wheel from said shaft toprimarily position a work-sheet independently of the line-space-wheel,said clutch including an exterior drum-like member which, by means of ahub, is rotatably mounted upon the platen-shaft and secured againstlateral displacement and which at its free end carries rigidly providedthereon said line-space-` wheel., and interior gripping members mountedto rotate with the platen-shaft and operable thereon to engage thedrum-member for line-space-work, said platen-sweep mechanism as a wholemounted upon the exterior clutch-member and including a ratchet-wheelrigidly fast upon the opposite end of said hub, a pawl-carryingoperating lever loosely mounted upon said hub between saidlinespace-wheel and said ratchet-wheel and operable for oscillatingmovement between certain limits to sweep the platen through a pluralityof line-space distances for certain entries when the clutch is operativeand the pawl is engaged with the ratchet-wheel, means to independentlyattach and detach said operating lever, and means to automaticallycontrol the pawl when said pawl-carrying lever is operated.

5. In a typewriting machine having a platen, a platen-shaft rotatable bya, finger-Wheel, and a line-space-wheel, a combined clutch andplaten-sweep mechanism, said clutch operable for connecting ordisconnecting, at will, said line-space-wheel from said shaft toindependently position a work-sheet, said clutch including'an exteriordrum-like member which, by means of a hub, is rotatably mounted upon theplaten-shaft and secured against lateral displacement thereon and whichat its free end carries rigidly fastened thereto said line-space-wheel,and includingl interior gripping members rotating with the shaft andoperable to engage said exterior' member for line-space-work, saidplatensweep mechanism, as a Whole, mounted upon said exteriorclutch-member and including a ratchet-wheel rigidly fast upon theopposite end of said hub, a pawl-carrying operating lever to sweep theplaten, at will, for certain entries when the clutch is operative, saidlever of ilat material to be detachably mounted for oscillating movementupon said hub bctween said line-space-wheel and said ratchetwheel, andhaving at the inner end a cutout in the shape of a key-hole open at itsnarrow end to allow the lever to be sidewardly applied to said hub bysliding the narrow end of said cut-out over a correspondingly flattenedpart of said hub previous to laterally shifting` the lever upon the hub,to provide proper bearing of the circular part of the key-hole upon thecircular part of the hub,

' for cooperation of the pawl andsaid ratchetiii wheel. Y s,

G. In a typewriting ,machine lhaving 'a platen, a platen-shaft'rotatableby a fingerwheel, and a line-space-w'heel, a combined clutch andplaten-sweep mechanism, 'said clutch operable for connecting ordisconnecting, at will, said line-space-wheel fromsaidshaft toindependently position a work-sheet, said vclutch including an exteriordrum-like member and interior gripping members-rota-ting with theplaten, said exterior member, by means of a'hu'b, rotatably mounted uponthe platen-shaft vand secured againstl lateral" displacement, and havingati its free end rigidly provided said line-space-wheel` saidplaten-sweep mechanism including a ratchetwheel rigidly fast upon theopposite end of said hub, and a pawl-carryingr operating lever to sweepthe platen, at will, for certain entries when the clutch is operative,said lever of flat material to be detachably mounted upon said hubbetween said line-space-wheeland said ratchet-wheel for oscillatingmovement and having at its inner end a cut-out in the shape of akey-hole open at its narrow end to allow the lever to be sidewardlyapplied to said hub by sliding the narrow end ofthe cut-out over acorrespondingly flattened part of said hub previous to axially shiftingthe lever thereon, to provide proper bearing of the circular part of thekey-hole upon the circular part of the hub, and a clamp-member to coverup said attened part and to locate the lever upon said hub for propercooperation of the pawl and Saidratchet-wheel.

7. In a typewrit-ing machine having a platen, a platen-shaft rotatableby a fingerwheel, and a line-space-wheel, a combined clutch andplaten-sweep mechanism, said clutch operable for connecting ordisconnecting, at will, said line-space-wheel from sai'd shaft toindependently positiona work-sheet, said clutch including an exteriordrum-like member and interior gripping members, the latter rotating withthe platen, said exterior member, by means of a hub,rotatably mountedupon a platen-shaft and secure against lateral displacement, and havingat its free end rigidly provided said line-space-wheel, saidplaten-sweep mechanism, as a whole, mounted upon said exteriorclutch-member and including a ratchet-wheel rigidly fast Aupon theopposite end of said hub, and an operating lever engageable at willwithsaid ratchet-wheel to sweep the platen for certain entries when theclutch is operat1ve,saidlever made of flat material to be detachablymount- Led upon said hub between said line-spacewheel and saidratchet-wheel for oscillating movement upon said hub, the mountingheilig such that a cut-out at the inner end of said operating lever fitsover a flattened part of said hub to primarily position the leverthereon, and such that an additional'axial movement willbring `aneXtremecircular part of said-cut-outto properly bear upona cylindrical part ot'thehub, and means to hold the lever in place adjacent the ratchet-wheel'for proper cos-operationtherewith.

8. ln a typewriting machine hav-ing a pla-ten, a platen-shaft journaledinthe side plates'of aF platen-trame and rotatable by a linger-wheel,and a 'line-space-wheel, a combined clutch and platen-sweep 'mechanismupon the drum, and a paw-l-carrying operatmg ylevertoy lcompera-te withlsaid ratchetteeth to sweep the platen, at will, through a pluralityofline-spaces yfor certain entries when fthe Iclutch is operative, saidlever to be detachably mounted upon said hub lbetween saidline-space-wheel and-saidV ratchetteeth. i

- 9. In a typewriting mach-ine having a platen, aplaten-shaft j ournaledin side plates l of a platen-frame and rotatable `by la lingerwhee'l,ianda iline-'space-wheel, a combined clutch' v and `:platen-'sweepmechanism conveniently arranged for alternate operation of clutch andplaten-sweep to vfacili-tate certain entries, vsaid clutch including a4drum-mem'- ber rotatably mounted 'upon said platenshaft and laterallylocated between one of theside plates of Athe 'platen-frame and saidiinger-wheel'landcarrying rigidly at its Ainner endsaidline-spacewheel,' interior clutch-members connected' 'to said -shattand operable to engage-said -drum-memberto connect vor disconnect -theline-space-wheel from the platen-shatto `independently position llt) awork-sheet, af finger-piece adjacent the' outer surface olf saidfinger-wheel and 'axially' inovab'le to operate the clutch,fsa'id'platensweep mechanism including a ratchet-wheel rigidly provided uponsaid l'drum-member, a pawl-carrying operating lever loosely mounted Iupon .fsalid drum-member, said ratchet-wheel 'having teeth opposedtothose ofithe line-space-wheel, so that-the operating-*leverisfine'iiiective `when swung to the rea-fr, :and .may 'be swungforwardly by lthej operators finger to vposition the fplaten' )for aycertainlentry 'after fsa-'id -inger-p-iecewis pressed inwardly by theoperators palm to connect the line-space-wheel to the platen, means toautomatically control the pawl when the lever is operated, and means toautomatically restore the pawl and operating lever'to neutral. Y

10.`A circular-addressing mechanism in a typewriting machine having aplaten mounted upon a shaft, including a platenclutch mechanismreleasable to free the platen for a finger-wheel rotation thereof, tofeed a Circular from the rear around under the platen and above thetyping line, and then restore the platen to the control of the clutch, aback platen-sweep mechanism including a ratchet-wheel clutched to theshaft by said clutch-mechanism androtated by a sweep-lever on theplaten-shaft, to sweep the platen reversely and back-feed the circularto a typingV position predetermined by a stop ,engaging said lever, anda line-space Wheel fixed to the ratchet-wheel and having a line-spacelever to line-space the platen and line-feed the circular in typing anaddress. y Y

11. In a circular-addressing mechanism for a typewriting machine havingYa platen mounted to be driven by a platen-shaft, a platen-drivingmember loose -on the shaft, amanually-controlled clutch-mechanismconnecting said member with said shaft, said member including a pair ofspaced-apart parallel annular flanges, each flange having one-wayratchet-teeth of opposite directions,

Loverating levers individual to each toothed flange and means operatedby said levers to rotate the platen in reverse directions, one leverswingable about the platen-shaft and compactly disposedbe'tween'the twoflanges.

12. In a circular-addressing mechanism for a typewriting machine, thecombination with a carriage having a shaft rotatable with a platen, aline-space Wheel loose upon the shaft, a clutch-mechanism operable toconnect the line-space Wheel with the shaft and a line-space lever onthe carriage to en-r gage said wheel to'rotate the platen by saidclutchmechanism in a line-space direction, ofl means for sweepingtheplaten through adistance greater than a line-space, said means includinga vratchet-wheel c integralwith the line-space wheel, and an operatinghandle swingable upon the shaft and opera. tive to engage saidratchet-wheel and sweep the platen rearwardly bya forward stroke of saidoperating handle to position the oircular prior to a subsequentline-space operation. v Y Y 13. In a A circular-addressing Vmechanismfor a typewriting machine having ka platen mounted upon a shaft,including a platenclutch mechanism releasable to free the platen for afinger-wheel rotation thereof, to feed a non-addressed circular from therear, aroundrunder the platen and above'the

